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Botanical Family · Lamiales

Scrophulariaceae

Figwort family

47 speciesOrder Lamiales8+ well-known plants

The figwort family (in the broad traditional sense), a large group of herbs and shrubs with typically 2-lipped (bilabiate) flowers. Includes snapdragons (Antirrhinum), foxglove (Digitalis), and many Indian medicinal herbs. Many members are hemiparasitic on grass roots.

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Representative SCROPHULARIACEAE specimen
Representative specimen · Scrophulariaceae
Key pattern

Irregular, two-lipped tubular flowers (2 lobes up, 3 down) with 4-5 stamens, one often reduced to a stub.

Modern genetic classification has split this family heavily, so recognising the basic figwort-type flower is more useful day-to-day than the family name itself.

Identify the species

Which Scrophulariaceae species is this?

Answer what you can see and narrow it down to a single Scrophulariaceae species.

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HabitatWhere does it typically grow?
Aquatic/wet marshy ground
Dry weedy roadside
Garden cultivation
Not sure / other
Parasitic on other plant roots
HabitWhat is the plant's growth habit?
Aquatic/marshy herb
Herb
Small herb
Flower ColorWhat color are the flowers?
Blue/purple
White
Flower ColorWhat color are the flowers?
Blue/purple
White
Flower ColorWhat color are the flowers?
Blue/purple
Green
Pink
White
Yellow
HabitWhat is the plant's growth habit?
Herb
Small herb
HabitWhat is the plant's growth habit?
Herb
Small herb
Flower ColorWhat color are the flowers?
Blue/purple
Pink
Red
Yellow
HabitWhat is the plant's growth habit?
Climbing vine
Small herb
HabitWhat is the plant's growth habit?
Small herb
Tree
Flower ColorWhat color are the flowers?
Blue/purple
Pink
Purple/violet
Red
White

How to recognise the Scrophulariaceae family

  • 01

    Usually 2-lipped tubular corolla

  • 02

    4 or 2 stamens, often didynamous

  • 03

    Capsule fruit with many seeds

Typical leaf characters

Characters typical of the family — individual species can vary.

Typical flower & fruit

Typical of the family — flowering plants only; species can vary.

Notable members

Willowleaf AngelonAngelonia salicariifoliaMemory Plant, Thyme-Leaved Grateola, BacopaBacopa monnieriHairy BuchneraBuchnera hispidaGold PurseCalceolaria gracilisIndian Spur-Anther FlowerCentranthera indicaRushlike DopatriumDopatrium junceumMudmatGlossostigma diandrumCenizoLeucophyllum frutescens

All 47 species in SCROPHULARIACEAE

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