Gulmohar / Red Gulmohar
Delonix regia
Also known as Flamboyant Flame Tree, Royal Poinciana, Gul Mohur, Flamboyant Tree, Flame Tree, Peacock Flower
- Habit
- Tree
- Found in India
- Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana & more
- Flowering
- April-June
Plant Details
- Scientific name
- Delonix regia
- Genus
- Delonix
- Family
- Caesalpiniaceae
- Habit
- Tree
- Habitat
- Planted along roads and avenues
- Habitat type
- Forest, Cultivated
- Native to
- Madagascar
- Distribution
- Tropics of the World
- Found in India
- Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Kerala, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Mizoram, Assam, Goa, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Arunachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, Punjab, Tripura, Daman & Diu, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, Puducherry, Sikkim
- Flowering & fruiting
- April-June
- Conservation status
- Least Concern (LC)
Leaf characters
- Leaf arrangement
- OppositerecordedTwo leaves arise from the stem at the same point, facing each other.“The foliage of one branch is made of 8–25 or more pairs of pinnae, each pinna is lined with 30–60 or more opposite leaflets.” — Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
- Leaf type
- Pinnately compoundrecordedLeaflets are arranged in rows along a central stalk, like a feather.“The compound (doubly pinnate) leaves have a feathery appearance and are a characteristic light, bright green.” — Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
- Leaf shape
- OblongrecordedLonger than wide with roughly parallel sides, the ends rounded.“One leaflet is oblong with a length of 4–12 millimetres, it is dark green with a dull upper surface and a paler, greyish bottom.” — Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
Typical of the family
Characters marked “recorded” are for Gulmohar itself; the rest are typical of the Caesalpiniaceae family.
Flower & fruit characters
- Flower colour
- Orangerecorded
Typical of the family
- Flower symmetry
- Zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical)
- Inflorescence
- Raceme
- Fruit
- Legume
Characters marked “recorded” are for Gulmohar itself; the rest are typical of the Caesalpiniaceae family — flowering plants only.
Local Names
- Hindi
- Gulmohar गुलमोहर, Gulmohar,गुलमोहर gulamohar
- Nepali
- गुलमोहर
- Bengali
- Krishnachura, কৃষ্ণচূড়া, গুলমোহর
- Tamil
- மயிர்க்கொன்றை, செம்மயிற்கொன்றை
- Telugu
- తురాయి, కోడిపుంజు చెట్టు
- Kannada
- ಕೆಂಪುತುರಾಯಿ Kempu turai, ಕತ್ತಿಕಾಯಿಮರ Kattikaayi mara, ಸೀಮೆಸಂಕೇಶ್ವರ Seeme sankeshwara
- Malayalam
- ഗുൽമോഹർ, Royal Poinciana, അലസിപ്പൂമരം
- Marathi
- गुलमोहोर, गुलमोहर
- Gujarati
- ગુલમોહર
- Odia
- କୃଷ୍ଣଚୁଡା
Gulmohar in India
The gulmohar sets Indian streets ablaze with scarlet flowers at the height of summer — Gulmohar गुलमोहर (Hindi), மயிர்க்கொன்றை (Tamil), తురాయి (Telugu), ಕೆಂಪುತುರಾಯಿ Kempu turai (Kannada), ഗുൽമോഹർ (Malayalam), गुलमोहोर (Marathi). Though native to Madagascar, Delonix regia is one of India's favourite avenue and garden trees, recorded across Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Kerala.
Uses
It is grown almost entirely as an ornamental and shade tree, prized for the spectacular pre-monsoon flowering that lines roads and campuses in red and orange. The long woody pods are sometimes used as craft material; children use the hard seeds and pods in play.
How to Identify Gulmohar
A spreading, flat-crowned tree with delicate twice-divided (fern-like) leaves. In summer it carries masses of large flowers with four spreading scarlet petals and one larger marbled white-and-red petal. Long, flat, sword-shaped pods turn hard and brown and hang on for months.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is Red Gulmohar called in different Indian languages?
- Gulmohar गुलमोहर (Hindi); மயிர்க்கொன்றை (Tamil); తురాయి (Telugu); ಕೆಂಪುತುರಾಯಿ Kempu turai (Kannada); ഗുൽമോഹർ (Malayalam); गुलमोहोर (Marathi); Krishnachura (Bengali); ગુલમોહર (Gujarati); କୃଷ୍ଣଚୁଡା (Odia).
- When does the gulmohar flower?
- Gulmohar flowers in the hot pre-monsoon months — roughly April to June across much of India — which is when its red canopy is most striking.
- Is gulmohar native to India?
- No — it originates from Madagascar, but it has been planted so widely as an avenue tree that it is now a familiar part of the Indian summer landscape.
Caesalpiniaceae
Senna family
Gulmohar belongs to the Caesalpiniaceae family.
The illustration represents the family — not necessarily this exact species.
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Common plant problems
All plant problem & care guides →More in Caesalpiniaceae
View all Caesalpiniaceae →Sources: GBIF — Delonix regia (India distribution & vernacular names) (CC BY 4.0) · iNaturalist — Delonix regia (regional names, India observations) (CC BY 4.0) · Wikipedia — Delonix regia (background/comprehension only) (CC BY-SA 4.0)